Live Biotherapeutics Drug Discovery Service for Periodontitis
Overview
Periodontitis is caused by periodontal pathogenic bacteria that form biofilms on the supragingiums and subgums of susceptible hosts. A key factor in the development of the disease is increased bacterial challenge, particularly altered environmental conditions caused by the inflammatory response of the host leading to increased numbers of certain potentially pathogenic commensal bacterial species. Its treatment includes the mechanical removal of pathogenic biofilms and the use of disinfectants or antibiotics, with the main aim of avoiding re-colonization by pathogenic bacteria. As an adjuvant to mechanical therapy, probiotics can change and occupy the subgingival niche that is susceptible to recolonization by pathogenic bacteria, so that the oral environment can reach a new balance.
Probiotics Therapy for Periodontitis
As an adjunct to the mechanical therapy of periodontitis, probiotics aim to restore the commensal flora and reduce inflammation and tissue damage, and they can also alter the bacterial spectrum of the biofilm near the implant. In addition, they can act as immunomodulators in the oral cavity by reducing proinflammatory cytokines. Lactobacillus may change the composition of oral flora by antagonism with potentially pathogenic bacteria, especially inhibiting the growth of some periodontal pathogens. Lactobacillus reuteri is one of the most commonly used probiotics used as monotherapy or adjuvant therapy for gingivitis and periodontitis and has successfully improved several clinical outcomes. The use of probiotics with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties is a novel approach in the adjuvant treatment of periodontitis and a low-risk, inexpensive, and easy-to-use treatment option.
Fig.1 Multi-function screening of probiotics for improving oral health.1
Mechanisms of Probiotics in Alleviating Periodontitis
The main mechanisms of probiotics in alleviating periodontitis include the following aspects: maintaining the microbial balance in the oral cavity by competing with oral pathogens; the production of antibacterial substances such as lactic acid, acetic acid, diacetyl, and hydrogen peroxide can inhibit the growth of periodontal pathogens. In addition, probiotics also directly interact with dental plaque formation through mutual interference with bacterial attachment, thereby competing with other microorganisms for attachment to teeth. The immunomodulatory mechanisms of probiotics include inhibition of periodontal pathogens by secretion of metabolites with antimicrobial activity, stimulation of specific and non-specific immune responses by activation of T lymphocytes, and stimulation of cytokine production.
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Research Articles
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Multi-function screening of probiotics to improve oral health and evaluating their efficacy in a rat periodontitis model.1
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More independent studies are needed in the future to explore the specific strains of probiotics, dose, and mode of administration, treatment regimens, mechanism of action, safety, and how to maintain the results of probiotic interventions. Creative Biolabs can provide strain products and some customized services in the field of probiotics and oral disease research. If you are conducting research in this field, please do not hesitate to contact us, we are sure to accelerate your research in some way.
Reference
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Nie, Qingqing, et al. "Multi-function screening of probiotics to improve oral health and evaluating their efficacy in a rat periodontitis model." Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology13 (2023): 1261189. Distributed Under Open Access license CC BY 4.0, without modification.
For Research Use Only. Not intended for use in food manufacturing or medical procedures (diagnostics or therapeutics). Do Not Use in Humans.
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